Ulwahlulo lweetyhubhu ze-X-ray
Ngokwendlela yokuvelisa ii-electron, iityhubhu ze-X-reyi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziityhubhu ezizaliswe yigesi kunye neetyhubhu ze-vacuum.
Ngokwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokutywina, inokwahlulwa ibe yityhubhu yeglasi, ityhubhu yeseramikhi kunye netyhubhu yeseramikhi yesinyithi.
Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, ingahlulwa ibe ziityhubhu ze-X-ray zonyango kunye neetyhubhu ze-X-ray zemizi-mveliso.
Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokutywina, inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziityhubhu ze-X-ray ezivulekileyo kunye neetyhubhu ze-X-ray ezivaliweyo. Iityhubhu ze-X-ray ezivulekileyo zifuna i-vacuum engapheliyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ityhubhu ye-X-ray evaliweyo ivalwa kwangoko emva kokucoca nge-vacuum ukuya kwinqanaba elithile ngexesha lokwenziwa kwetyhubhu ye-X-ray, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokucoca nge-vacuum kwakhona ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Iityhubhu ze-X-reyi zisetyenziswa kwezonyango ukuxilonga nonyango, nakwiteknoloji yemizi-mveliso ukuvavanya izinto ezingatshabalalisiyo, uhlalutyo lwesakhiwo, uhlalutyo lwe-spectroscopic kunye nokuvezwa kwifilimu. Ii-X-reyi ziyingozi emzimbeni womntu, kwaye kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okuzikhusela asebenzayo xa zisetyenziswa.
Ulwakhiwo lwetyhubhu ye-X-ray ye-anode esisigxina
Ityhubhu ye-X-ray ye-anode esisigxina yeyona ndlela ilula yetyhubhu ye-X-ray esetyenziswa rhoqo.
I-anode inentloko ye-anode, isiciko se-anode, iringi yeglasi kunye nesiphatho se-anode. Umsebenzi ophambili we-anode kukuthintela ukuhamba kwee-electron ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu kumphezulu wentloko ye-anode (edla ngokuba yithagethi ye-tungsten) ukuvelisa ii-X-ray, kunye nokukhupha ubushushu obuvelayo okanye ukubuhambisa ngesiphatho se-anode, kunye nokufunxa ii-electron zesibini kunye nee-electron ezisasazekileyo. Iimitha.
I-X-ray eveliswa yityhubhu ye-X-ray ye-tungsten alloy isebenzisa ngaphantsi kwe-1% yamandla okuhamba kwe-electron ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu, ngoko ke ukusasazwa kobushushu yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu kwityhubhu ye-X-ray. I-cathode yenziwe kakhulu yi-filament, i-focusing mask (okanye ebizwa ngokuba yi-cathode head), i-cathode sleeve kunye ne-glass stem. Umqadi we-electron ohlasela i-anode target ukhutshwa yi-filament (edla ngokuba yi-tungsten filament) ye-hot cathode, kwaye wenziwa ngokujolisa yi-focusing mask (cathode head) phantsi kwe-high voltage acceleration yetyhubhu ye-X-ray ye-tungsten alloy. Umqadi we-electron ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu ubetha i-anode target kwaye uvalwe ngequbuliso, nto leyo evelisa icandelo elithile le-X-rays elinokusasazwa kwamandla okuqhubekayo (kuquka ii-X-rays ezibonisa i-anode target metal).
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-05-2022