Yintoni ityhubhu ye-x-reyi?

Iityhubhu zeX-reyi zii-vacuum diode ezisebenza kumbane ophezulu.
I-tube ye-X-ray iqukethe i-electrode ezimbini, i-anode kunye ne-cathode, ezisetyenziselwa ekujoliswe kuyo ukuba ibhobhozwe ngama-electron kunye ne-filament yokukhupha ii-electron, ngokulandelanayo. Zombini iipali zitywinwe kwiglasi yokucoca ephezulu okanye kwizindlu zeceramic.

Icandelo lonikezelo lwamandla lombhobho we-X-ray liqulethe ubuncinane umbane ophantsi kwamandla ombane wokufudumeza i-filament kunye nejeneretha yombane ophezulu wokusebenzisa umbane ophezulu kwiipali ezimbini. Xa ucingo lwe-tungsten lugqithisa okwangoku ngokwaneleyo ukudala ilifu le-electron, kwaye i-voltage eyaneleyo (ngomyalelo we-kilovolts) isetyenziswe phakathi kwe-anode kunye ne-cathode, ilifu le-electron litsalwa kwi-anode. Ngeli xesha, ii-electron zibethe i-tungsten target kwi-high-energy kunye ne-high-speed state. Ii-electron ezikhawulezayo zifikelela kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo, kwaye ukuhamba kwazo kuvaliwe ngokukhawuleza. Inxalenye encinci yamandla e-kinetic yabo iguqulwa ibe amandla emitha kwaye ikhutshwe njenge-X-reyi. Imitha eveliswa ngolu hlobo ibizwa ngokuba yi-bremsstrahlung.

Ukutshintsha i-filament yangoku kunokutshintsha ubushushu be-filament kunye nomthamo wee-electron ezikhutshwayo, ngaloo ndlela utshintshe i-tube yangoku kunye nobukhulu be-X-rays. Ukutshintsha amandla okuvuselela kwityhubhu ye-X-reyi okanye ukukhetha ithagethi eyahlukileyo kunokutshintsha amandla e-X-reyi yesiganeko okanye ukuqina kumandla ahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yokubhobhoza kwee-electron zamandla aphezulu, ityhubhu ye-X-ray isebenza kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, elifuna ukupholisa ngokunyanzeliswa kwethagethi ye-anode.

Nangona amandla asebenzayo eityhubhu zeX-reyi ukuvelisa iiX-reyi ephantsi kakhulu, okwangoku, iityhubhu zeX-reyi zisezezona zixhobo zisebenzayo ezenza iX-reyi kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zeX-reyi. Okwangoku, izicelo zonyango zihlulwe kakhulu kwiityhubhu ze-X-ray kunye neetyhubhu ze-X-ray zonyango.